Abstract
An: 2014, Nr.3, Articol Nr. 22
Title: 

THE MASTOID PROCESS – MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS, CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Authors: 

      Cristina Durac, C. Olaru, Maria Rodica Mănescu - University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Anatomy, Department of Morphology
      Elena Ioniţă - University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, ENT, Department of Surgery
      Gabriela Liliana Popescu - Craiova County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Radiology and Medical Imaging
      THE MASTOID PROCESS – MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS; CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS (Abstract) : The mastoid process is important both for the muscle insertions on its external face, but also for the presence of the pneumatized cells from its internal structure. This paper aims to morphologically analyze the mastoid process and its involvement in the dissemination of endo and exocranial infections. The first part of the study was conducted on 15 skulls prepared in Anatomy Department, exemplifying in the second part of the study on clinical cases. The measurements performed focused on the height, length and thickness of the mastoid process, but also on the oblique diameter of the temporal bone and the distance between the mastoid apex and the mandibular fossa. Imaging had an important role on studying both the skulls and the clinical cases, analyzing the pneumatization degree of the mastoid process. The measurements performed on skulls revealed well-developed mastoid processes, belonging to adult skulls, and less developed mastoid processes belonging to children skulls, the correlation with the morphological aspect suggesting sexual dimorphism. The infectious mastoid processes, sometimes representing complications themselves, can cause feared complications like: lateral venous sinus thrombosis, brain abscess, but also local externalizing and facial paralysis. Knowledge of the anatomy of the mastoid process is required both to assess sexual dimorphism but also to prevent exo and endocranian infections.
Key words: MASTOID PROCESS, MASTOID CELLS, OTOMASTOIDITIS
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