An: 2018, Nr.1, Articol Nr. 8

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      THE ANATOMICAL DISTRIBUTION OF LACUNAR STROKES - A REVIEW FROM THE LITERATURE AND CLINICAL CASES (Abstract): Lacunar strokes are small infarcts with less than 15 mm(1) in diameter resulting from the occlusion of the small vessels with dimensions between 200 and 800 µm (2). They represent almost one quarter (3) of all ischemic events and one fifth of all strokes. From the anatomical point of view, the deep penetrating lenticular arteries, thalamoperforating and thalamogeniculate arteries, which originate in the anterior, medial, posterior cerebral artery, anterior choroidal artery or anterior communicating artery, are most often involved. The main risk factor in the production of cerebral lacunarism is high blood pressure which causes the formation of microathoresis, lipohialinosis and fibrinoid necrosis. It is very important to know the vascularization of the capsulo- thalamic- nuclear complex since it has a great complexity and variability and given the great clinical variability of the lacunar syndromes, classically divided into 5 large subgroups (pure motor, pure sensory syndrome, dysarthria-clumsy hand, hemiparesis and ataxia syndrome), although after Fisher, over 20 syndromes (4) are described.

Key words: LACUNAR INFARCTION, LENTICULOSTRIATE, PENETRATING, MICROANGIOPATHY, CAPSULO-THALAMIC, BASAL GANGLIA